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 Hymenochaete rubiginosa
SynonymsHymenochaete ferruginea
Auricularia ferrugineum
Helvella rubiginosa
BiostatusPresent in region - Indigenous. Non endemic
Article: Cooke, M.C. (1879). New Zealand fungi. Grevillea 8(46): 54-68.
Article: Cunningham, G.H. (1963). The Thelephoraceae of Australia and New Zealand. New Zealand Department of Scientific and Industrial Research, Bulletin 145: 359 p. Wellington:.
Description: Hymenophore pileate or umbonate-sessile, sometimes reviving a second
season, coriaceous, rigid, loosely attached, appearing as effused-reflexed or
orbicular colonies 5-25 mm diameter, often laterally merged to form linear areas
which may extend to 15 cm. Pilei effused-reflexed with broad resupinate areas
and narrow reflexed margins to 10 mm wide, when resupinate disciform with free
margins; pileus surface delicately tomentose, sometimes radiately sulcate,
ferruginous or umber, darkening with age; hymenial surface bistre or chocolate
with a reddish tinge, colliculose, deeply scantily creviced when old,
velutinate; margin thinning out, bright fulvous, loosely attached. Context dark
ferruginous or umber, 0.3-0.6 mm thick, of parallel hyphae radiately arranged,
erect in the setal layer, and bordered on the abhymenial surface by a deeply
coloured cemented cortex of intertwined hyphae; skeletal hyphae 2.5-3 µm
diameter, walls 0.5 µm thick, golden brown; generative hyphae 2-2.5 µm diameter,
walls 0.2 µm thick, hyaline. Setal layer 120-250 µm deep, a compact zone of 3-7
overlapping rows of setae embedded among erect skeletal hyphae; setae projecting
to 90 µm, aculeate, some slightly curved, 80-105 x 7-9 µm, walls naked, rich
chestnut, lumena narrow. Hymenial layer to 40 µm deep, a dense palisade of
basidia and paraphyses. Basidia subclavate, 20-24 x 4-5 µm, bearing 4 spores;
sterigmata arcuate, slender, to 4 µm long. Paraphyses subclavate, 8-18 x 3.5-4
µm. Spores oblong-elliptical, 5.5-7 x 3.5-4 µm, walls smooth, hyaline, 0.2 µm
thick.
Habitat: HABITAT: Bark of dead branches and trunks associated with
a pocket rot.
Distribution: DISTRIBUTION: Europe, Great Britain, North America, New Zealand.
Notes: Although resembling H. tabacina
in the presence of a coloured cortex, dense setal layer, and
effused-reflexed fructifications the species differs in that spores are
elliptical, setae are narrower, darker in colour, naked, only one colour zone,
the cortex, is present, and fructifications are of different shape and colour.
Collections vary appreciably. Most are either umbonate-sessile, when orbicular
with margins plane, or narrowly effused-reflexed and linear. The pileus surface
is some shade of brown, becoming darker with age, in some old specimens being
almost black. The hymenial surface of fresh specimens is bright reddish-brown,
with bright fulvous margins. On drying, or in old specimens, the surface may
change to dingy umber or fuscous and margins become concolorous. Appreciable
variations also occur in depth of the setal layer and consequently the number of
overlapping rows of setae, thickness of the context, and abundance of abhymenial
hairs. In microfeatures New Zealand plants agree with European specimens
examined, which also exhibit similar variations in these features. They differ
chiefly in host range, all being taken from conifers, whereas in Europe and
North America the species is usually found upon frondose species. Although
recorded by earlier workers from Australia and Tasmania, collections so named in
Kew herbarium are of other species.
FIG. 132. Auriculariopsis ampla. Showing abhymenial hairs,
subgelatinous context, the simple hymenial layer, and allantoid spores.
FIG. 133. Tomentella pilosa. Showing a cordon in
the base, clavate or capitate paraphysate hyphae some transversely septate, and
sinuate verruculose spores.
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