VIRTUAL MYCOTA: NZ Fungi Identification: Gymnomyces redolens

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Gymnomyces redolens

Synonyms

Octaviania redolens
Martellia redolens
Stephanospora redolens

Biostatus

Present in region - Indigenous. Endemic

Images (click to enlarge)


Owner: J.A. Cooper	Owner: J.A. Cooper	Caption: scale=1mm Owner: J.A. Cooper	Owner: R.E. Beever
Owner: R.E. Beever	Owner: R.E. Beever	Owner: R.E. Beever	Owner: R.E. Beever
Owner: R.E. Beever	Owner: R.E. Beever	Owner: R.E. Beever	Owner: R.E. Beever
Owner: R.E. Beever	Owner: R.E. Beever	Owner: R.E. Beever	Owner: R.E. Beever
Owner: R.E. Beever	Owner: R.E. Beever	Caption: herb. REB 1204 Owner: R.E. Beever	Caption: herb. REB 1204 Owner: R.E. Beever
Caption: herb. REB 1208 Owner: R.E. Beever	Caption: herb. REB 1208 Owner: R.E. Beever	Owner: R.E. Beever	Owner: R.E. Beever
Owner: R.E. Beever	Caption: [specimen in photograph labelled in error as REB 1434] Owner: R.E. Beever	Owner: R.E. Beever	Owner: R.E. Beever
Owner: R.E. Beever	Owner: R.E. Beever	Owner: R.E. Beever	Owner: R.E. Beever
Owner: R.E. Beever	Owner: R.E. Beever	Owner: R.E. Beever	Owner: J.A. Cooper
Caption: scale=20um. Upper spores and basidia. Lower cutis. Owner: J.A. Cooper	Caption: Fig. 3 E, Gymnomyces redolens; Scale bar = 10 mm.	Caption: Fig. 10 Gymnomyces redolens. A, Basidioma; B, peridiopellis and peridial context; C, hymenophoral trama and hymenium; D, basidia; E, hymenophor	Caption: Fig. 11 Spores of Gymnomyces redolens. Scale bars = 10 mm.
Caption: fruitbody Owner: J.A. Cooper	Caption: fruitbody Owner: J.A. Cooper	Caption: spores and basidia in Melzer's Owner: J.A. Cooper	Caption: ZT8487 Owner: E. Horak: © Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 New Zealand
Caption: left: section through cuticle. Right basidia and stalked spores (melzers) Owner: J.A. Cooper	Caption: spores (melzers) Owner: J.A. Cooper	Owner: J.A. Cooper	Owner: J.A. Cooper
Owner: J.A. Cooper	Caption: FIG. 4. D-G. Martellia redolens: D. habit and section. x 1 E. spores. x 1750 F. basidia. x 1000 G. cystidia.	Caption: Plate 25. K-P. Martellia redolens (Beaton 27): K-L. light micrographs. x 1250; K. unstained, L. stained M. lateral. SEM x 3250 N. apical. SEM x 3000 P. hilar appendix. SEM x 5000	Caption: Plate 25 Q. Martellia redolens (Beaton 27): base. SEM x 4000
Caption: Dried type specimen Owner: Herb PDD	Caption: Dried type specimen Owner: Herb PDD

Article: Lebel, T. (2002). Sequestrate Russulales of New Zealand: Gymnomyces and Macowanites. New Zealand Journal of Botany 40(3): 489-509 (http://www.rsnz.org/publish/abstracts.php).
Description: Basidiomata 5-25 mm diam., subglobose or irregular, depressed around basal attachment, rarely with an exposed gleba. Peridial surface slightly tomentose, finely wrinkled or smooth, white to cream-coloured drying pallid ochraceous. Context thin, fragile, off-white. Gleba white to cream becoming pallid ochraceous, loculate, locules small,irregular. Stipe absent. Columella absent or present, rudimentary, percurrent. Odour when fresh pleasant, resembling dried apricots; taste not recorded. Latex absent. Peridiopellis 70-150 µm wide, a dense turf of upright to repent, hyaline hyphal tips 20-55 x 2-4.5 µm diam., becoming tangled and interwoven. Peridial context 210-450 µm wide, of tightly interwoven, non gelatinised, hyaline hyphae 2-3.5 µm diam., sphaerocysts 12-22 µm diam. in scattered nests. Endocystidia absent. Columella context when present of interwoven, hyaline hyphae 2-3 µm diam. Hymenophoral trama 40-75 µm wide,of interwoven, hyaline hyphae 2-4.5 µm diam., not gelatinised, with sphaerocysts 12-27 µm diam. in scattered nests. Subhymenium poorly developed, 11-20 µm wide, with 1-2 tiers of isodiametric cells 5-9 µm diam. Basidia 25-35 x 9-11 µm, hyaline, ventricose to clavate, mostly with 1 or rarely 2 sterigmata 3-5 x 1-2 µm, robust. Cystidia 24-49 x 8-15 µm, broadly ventricose with broadly rounded apices and few granular contents refractive in KOH; arising in subhymenium, not extending much beyond basidia, rare. Spores 9-12.5(-14) x 9-12(-14) µm (10.88 ± 0.32 x 10.09 ± 0.3), Q = 1.05-1.07, globose to subglobose, orthotropic and symmetric, wall hyaline. Ornamentation amyloid, a dense spiny reticulum of warts and spines 2-4 µm high, bases just coalescing or several joined at their bases by low lines 0.2-0.8 µm high or ridges ± 1-1.5 µm high in a partial reticulum. Hilar appendix 1-1.5 x 0.5-1 µm, cylindrical; plage inamyloid. Spore colour in mass hyaline, in the locules of the dried gleba appearing pale cream coloured.
Habitat: HABITAT AND DISTRIBUTION: Hypogeous, growing in scattered groups among leaf litter in Nothofagusfusca, N. solandrii, and N. menziesii forests andLeptospermum scoparium or Kunzea ericoides scrub. Fruiting period Mar-Nov.
Notes: NOTES: Gymnomyces redolens is widely distributed in New Zealand. It differs from other New Zealand taxa in the robust spiny-reticulate ornamentation of the spores, and the mono- or bi-sterigmate basidia.The nomenclatural history of this species is given in Lebel & Castellano (2002).

Article: Cunningham, G.H. (1942). Two additional New Zealand Gasteromycetes. New Zealand Journal of Science and Technology. B. General Section 23: 172-173.
Description: Plants subglobose or tuberiform, white or cream coloured; becoming pallid ochraceous, 0.5-2.5 cm. diameter. Peridium exteriorly slightly tomentose, finely wrinkled or smooth, to 450 µ thick, composed of a single layer of hyaline, woven, non-gelatinized hyphae. Gleba pallid ochraceous, cells compressed, two or more to millimetre, empty; sterile base absent; tramal plates 75 x 100 µ thick, of woven hyphae, not gelatinized, fragile, scissile, especially at the gussets; basidia one-spored. Spores globose or subglobose, 14-22 µ diameter (including spines), apedicellate, epispore hyaline, 2 µ thick, closely covered with narrowly wedge-shaped spines, acuminately pointed, basally often merging and giving to the spore a reticulated appearance, to 4.5 µ long and hyaline.
Notes: When freshly collected the species had a pleasant fragrant smell resembling dried apricots. It is separated from others of the genus present in New Zealand by the single woven layer of the peridium, monosporous basidia and large spores with thick epispore and strongly developed echinulations. Specimens were collected among debris on the forest floor adjoining tracks in rain forest at the base of Mt. Te Aroha.

Article: Beaton, G.W.; Pegler, D.N.; Young, T.W.K. (1984). Gasteroid Basidiomycota of Victoria State, Australia. 2. Russulales. Kew Bulletin 39(4): 669–698.
Description: Gasterocarp 0.5-2.5 cm diam., subglobose, ellipsoid or irregularly turbinate, depressed around the basal attachment, very occasionally with an exposed gleba. Peridium white when fresh, drying greyish orange, farinose to sub-tomentose, smooth finally wrinkled. Gleba white, cream coloured or pale ochraceous, labyrinthoid, of minute, elongated or irregular, empty chambers, 2-4 per mm, with some radial and concentric arrangement. Tramal plates very thin, 75-100 µm thick, consisting of a narrow hymenophoral trama, lacking sphaerocytes, and moderately well developed subhymenial layers. Columella absent or sometimes poorly developed; sterile base minute. Latex and laticiferous elements absent. Spore deposit pale cream coloured. Spores 7-10 x 7-9(9 ± 0^.4 x 8-5 ± 0-3) µm (excl. orn.), Q= 1.05; orthotropic, globose or nearly so, hyaline, thin-walled, with an ornamentation of hollow, tapering spines, with rounded apices, often coalescing at their bases but without connectives, strongly amyloid; hilar appendix short, 1-1.5 x 0.5-1 µm, cylindric or obconical, with a terminal hilar tear. Basidia 25-37 x 9-11 µm, ventricose-clavate, bearing 2 or 4 slender sterigmata. Leptocystidia present, voluminous, 50-80 x 17-35 µm, ovoid-pedicellate to short lageniform with a broadly rounded apex, and few contents. Hymenophoral trama narrow, more or less regular, of parallel, filamentous hyphae, 2.5-6.5 µm diam. Subhymenial layer 11-16 µm broad, pseudoparenchymatous. Peridiopellis a stratified epithelium, up to 200 µm thick, of agglutinated sphaerocytes, 15-40 µm diam. (Fig. 4 D-G, Pl. 25 K-Q).
Notes: A small hypogeal species, growing in scattered groups, which was originally described from New Zealand. The amyloid, orthotropic spores place this species in Elasmomycetaceae, whilst the absence of sphaerocytes in the hymenophoral trama, together with the spinose spore ornamentation, and the voluminous leptocystidia indicate Martellia to be the most appropriate genus.