VIRTUAL MYCOTA: NZ Fungi Identification: Tympanella galanthina

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Tympanella galanthina

Synonyms

Agaricus galanthinus
Naucoria galanthina

Biostatus

Present in region - Indigenous. Endemic

Images (click to enlarge)


Caption: 122-Naucoria galanthina: a. spores.	Caption: Tympanella galanthina (C. & M.) Hk.: a. carpophores (nat size) b spores (2000 x). c. basidia (1000 x). d. cheilocystidia (1000 x). e. cuticle (500 x).	Caption: C-3409 Owner: Herb. PDD	Caption: Tympanella galanthina Owner: Kaimai Bush
Caption: Watercolour Owner: G.M. Taylor	Caption: Watercolour Owner: G.M. Taylor	Caption: scale=5mm Owner: J.A. Cooper	Owner: J.A. Cooper
Caption: scale=20um. Spores and cheilocystidia Owner: J.A. Cooper	Caption: ZT1655, 15.6.82.2 Owner: E. Horak: © Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 New Zealand	Caption: ZT1967, 15.5.82-2 Owner: E. Horak: © Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 New Zealand	Caption: ZT8663 Owner: E. Horak: © Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 New Zealand
Caption: ZT68-523 Owner: E. Horak: © Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 New Zealand

Article: Horak, E. (1971). Contributions to the knowledge of the Agaricales s.l. (Fungi) of New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Botany 9(3): 463-493 (http://www.rsnz.org/publish/abstracts.php).
Description: Pileus 7-30 mm diam., globose when young, secotioid, later becoming convex or even campanulate but margin always strongly incurved: clay, buff, cream or whitish coloured; densely covered by small scales or squamules, conspicuous white fibrillose veil remnants (especially on young fruiting bodies) towards the margin, dry, non striate. Lamellae always distinctly lamellate, never lacunose or anastomosing, adnate or adnexed, occasionally subdecurrent: rust brown or cinnamon brown, with floccose, with coloured edge. Stipe 10-40 x 1.5-5 mm, cylindrical, not attenuated near the apex (columella absent), concolorous with pileus; densely covered by white fibrils from the veil, ring or permanent cortina absent; dry, fistulose, single. Context brownish, watery. No smell or taste.
Spores 10.5-13.5 x 6.5-8 µm, elliptical, smooth, thick-walled, in KOH reddish-brown, neither amyloid nor dextrinoid, with distinct germ pore. Basidia 27-36 x 8-11 µm., 4-spored. Cheilocystidia 15-45 x 12-25 µm, clavate or lageniform, membrane thin-walled, hyaline, forming a sterile zone at the edge. Cuticle a trichoderm composed of cylindrical or fusoid hyphae (5-20 µm diam.) with suberect tips, membrane thin-walled, not gelatinised, pigment not visible, clamp connections rarely absent.
Habitat: On the ground in litter (occasionally on rotten wood) in forests. New Zealand.
Notes: Although the type collection at Kew is in poor condition, there can be no doubt that it represents a specimen of this fungus commonly found in the forests of New Zealand. In many instances, carpophores can be observed in which the pileus does not open and the lamellae are not exposed. In old and weathered specimens in which a convex or even campanulate pileus frequently occurs, rust brown gills are clearly visible. The deep colour of the lamellae does not change and can still be seen in the type material collected some 80 years ago.
From the microscopical point of view the genus Tympanella could be compared with Galeropsis Velenovsky 1930. The macroscopical characters however are strikingly different. Tympanella never grows in xerothermic localities like Galeropsis, but prefers wetter conditions in rain forests of New Zealand.
Cunningham identified a collection of this fungus (PDD 6389) as Secotium leucocephalum Massee, but it seems that the spores were not thoroughly investigated. Because of the elliptical, warted, rust brown spores, the type of S. leucocephalum represents a well established species of the genus Thaxterogaster Singer (T. leucocephalum (Massee) Singer and Smith).

Article: Cooke, M.C. (1890). New Zealand fungi. Grevillea 19(89): 1-4.
Notes: Allied to Agaricus nasutus, Kalch.

Article: Horak, E. (1971). A contribution towards the revision of the Agaricales (Fungi) from New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Botany 9(3): 403-462 (http://www.rsnz.org/publish/abstracts.php).
Notes: Fig. 11 The microscopical characters of this collection (BERGGREN 142) show some affinities to those of a distinct secotiaceous genus as yet unpublished, endemic to New Zealand. To my knowledge, this taxon is distributed throughout the forests of New Zealand.