Go to Landcare Research home page
 
Home About Mushrooms Simple key Genus (A-Z) Help

« Back

Go to the NZFungi website for more indepth information on Gymnopilus crociphyllus. Gymnopilus crociphyllus

Synonyms

Agaricus crociphyllus
Agaricus xanthophyllus
Flammula crociphylla
Flammula xanthophylla
Agaricus penetrans
Flammula penetrans
Agaricus rutilans
Tricholoma rutilans
Agaricus fusus
Flammula fusa

Biostatus

Present in region - Indigenous. Non endemic

Images (click to enlarge)

 

Caption: 118-Gymnopilus crociphyllus [Flammula fusa]: a. spores; b. spores.

Caption: 243-Gymnopilus sp. [Flammula penetrans]: a. spores; b. basidia; c. cheilocystidia.

Owner: Herb. PDD

Owner: J.A. Cooper

Caption: cap hyphae (Melzers)
Owner: J.A. Cooper

Caption: Cheilocystidia (Melzers)
Owner: J.A. Cooper

Owner: J.A. Cooper

Caption: FUNNZ: 2006/0053, See public note for more information
Owner: FUNNZ

Caption: 285-Gymnopilus crociphyllus [Tricholoma rutilans]: a. spores; b. cheilocystidia.
 

Article: Horak, E. (1971). A contribution towards the revision of the Agaricales (Fungi) from New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Botany 9(3): 403-462 (http://www.rsnz.org/publish/abstracts.php).
Notes: Flammula crociphylla Cooke and Massee (= Fl. xanthophylla C. & M.) (13 D, 11, 16)

Article: Massee, G.E. (1899) [1898]. The fungus flora of New Zealand. Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute 31: 282–349 Wellington:.
Description: Pileus subglobose, then broadly expanded but the margin persistently incurved, ochraceous or with a tinge of primrose-yellow, glabrous at first, then broken up into minute innate squamules or cracked in an areolate manner, 2.5-7 cm. diameter; flesh thick, compact, rigid when dry; gills adnate, with a decurrent tooth, rather distant, very broad, bright-yellow, then with a rusty tinge; spores elliptical, 10 x 6 µ; stem distinctly excentric or lateral, about 2.5 cm. long, stout, solid, more or less striate, coloured like the pileus, or paler.
Habitat: On wood.
Distribution: Dannevirke, New Zealand, Australia.
Notes: A very distinct and well-defined species, known by the broad clear-yellow gills and excentric stem.

Article: Massee, G.E. (1899) [1898]. The fungus flora of New Zealand. Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute 31: 282–349 Wellington:.
Description: Gregarious or caespitose ; pileus convex, then plane, obtuse, often irregular, even, glabrous, surface not becoming broken up, dry, minutely silky under a lens when young, golden-tawny, but becoming pale and yellowish when old, 4-8 cm. across; flesh pallid, thickish at the disc, thinning out towards the margin; gills adnate and subdecurrent when young, often separating from the stem when old, 4-6 mm. broad, crowded, white, then yellow, stained and spotted with brown when old; spores elliptical, obliquely apiculate, 8 x 4-5 µ; stem 5-8 cm. long, up to 1 cm. thick, firm, equal, silky, then fibrillosely-striate, yellowish, base with white down, sometimes rooting, imperfectly hollow; veil flocculose, white, but very fugacious and scarcely evident.
Habitat: On rotten wood.
Distribution: Dannevirke, New Zealand. Australia, Europe, Siberia, Cuba, United States.
Notes: A very showy fungus, distinguished in the genus by the clear tawny-orange pileus and yellow gills becoming spotted with brown.

Article: Horak, E. (1971). A contribution towards the revision of the Agaricales (Fungi) from New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Botany 9(3): 403-462 (http://www.rsnz.org/publish/abstracts.php).
Notes: Fig. 20 Under this name four collections can be found at Kew: the material labelled (COLENSO b 70) belongs to an undescribed species of Gymnopilus which grows mainly on rotten wood of Leptospermum. The other three collections (COLENSO b 51, b 210, b 311) represent Gymnopilus crociphyllus (Cooke and Massee) Pegler. Spores oval, with distinct smooth plage, otherwise warted, rust-brown, 5-6 X 3.5-4 µ.

Article: Massee, G.E. (1899) [1898]. The fungus flora of New Zealand. Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute 31: 282–349 Wellington:.
Description: Pileus ovato-globose, obtuse, with the margin incurved, and entirely covered with a dense unbroken coating of dark-purple or reddish-brown velvety nap, when young; when older becoming campanulate and often umbonate, purple, all one colour; at maturity expanded, often umbonate, the cuticle broken up into small purple innate fascicles of down on a yellow ground; always dry, 6-14 cm. diameter; flesh thick, soft, deep-yellow from the earliest stage, becoming golden-yellow when broken; gills broadly adnexed, yellow from the first, crowded, edge thickened, floccose, and deeper yellow than the rest of the gill; spores subglobose, 5-6 µ diameter; stem 5-9 cm. long, up to 2 cm. thick, fleshy, imperfectly hollow, soft, rather bulbous when short, ventricose when elongated, yellow, variegated, especially upwards, with purplish floccose squamules.
Habitat: On the ground.
Distribution: New Zealand. Australia, Europe, United States.
Notes: Inodorous ; size very variable. Readily distinguished by the yellow flesh and gills.

Article: Horak, E. (1971). A contribution towards the revision of the Agaricales (Fungi) from New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Botany 9(3): 403-462 (http://www.rsnz.org/publish/abstracts.php).
Notes: Tricholoma rutilans (Fries) (8,16) Fig. 24 = Gymnopilus crociphyllus (Cooke and Massee) Pegler
All characters of this collection (COLENSO b 972) correspond well with the type. It occurs both in Australia and New Zealand.

Article: Horak, E. (1971). A contribution towards the revision of the Agaricales (Fungi) from New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Botany 9(3): 403-462 (http://www.rsnz.org/publish/abstracts.php).
Notes: Flammula fusa (Batsch) (6) Fig. 11 = Gymnopilus crociphyllus (Cooke and Massee) Pegler 1965.
In spite of the fully destroyed specimen (COLENSO b 243), we are quite convinced that the residual rust-brown, warted spores with a distinct, smooth plage (6-8 X 4-5 µ) are those of the above species. This Gymnopilus is one of the most common agarics in New Zealand.